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Rectangular Wings

Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Aeronautical engineers John Thorp and Karl Bergey defend rectangular "Hershey Bar" wings, challenging common assumptions about the superiority of tapered designs.
  • They argue that the perceived structural and aerodynamic advantages of tapered wings are often offset by drawbacks, particularly the dangerous tendency for tip stall caused by aerodynamic scale effects (Reynolds Number).
  • Rectangular wings naturally stall safely from the root and can achieve efficient lift distribution with minor modifications, avoiding the drag-inducing fixes required for tapered wings.
  • The article concludes that rectangular wings offer high cruise efficiency, forgiving stall characteristics, and manufacturing simplicity, making them suitable for a wide range of aircraft, including high-performance models.
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In random reading about matters aeronautical I have twice come across essays in defense of rectangular wings. Not coincidentally, perhaps, both were by men who had taken part in the design of the Piper Cherokee, the airplane whose thick rectangular wing gave a new application to the name “Hershey Bar.” The first essay was by the late John Thorp, best known as the designer of the T-18 homebuilt. The second was by Karl Bergey, who is, among other things, emeritus professor of aerospace engineering at the University of Oklahoma.

Bergey is building a fast, high-performance homebuilt that happens to use a Cherokee wing?the original stubby rectangular one, before they added the tapered outer panels. So many people found the combination of “fast” and “rectangular wing” incongruous that Bergey felt obliged to put his case in writing.

Peter Garrison

Peter Garrison taught himself to use a slide rule and tin snips, built an airplane in his backyard, and flew it to Japan. He began contributing to FLYING in 1968, and he continues to share his columns, ""Technicalities"" and ""Aftermath,"" with FLYING readers.

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