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Another Controller Falls Asleep on the Job; FAA Takes Action

By Stephen Pope / Published: Apr 14, 2011
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FAA Administrator Randy Babbitt made clear yesterday that he has had enough of air traffic controllers falling asleep during their shifts, and to get his point across he has vowed to start making personal visits to ATC facilities around the country starting next week.

The final straw came Tuesday night when the lone tower controller working the overnight shift at Reno-Tahoe International Airport fell asleep at about 2 a.m. as an incoming medical flight carrying a sick patient was attempting to land.

“Air traffic controllers are responsible for making sure aircraft safely reach their destinations. We absolutely cannot and will not tolerate sleeping on the job. This type of unprofessional behavior does not meet our high safety standards,” Babbitt said.

The controller was out of communication for 16 minutes, during which time the Piper Cheyenne pilot communicated with a Tracon controller and landed safely.

Babbitt announced yesterday that the FAA will immediately assign an extra controller on the midnight shifts at 27 control towers around the country. And just this morning, Hank Krakowski, the head of the FAA's Air Traffic Organization responsible for ATC, submitted his resignation.

Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood voiced his displeasure as well, and called for a system-wide investigation. “I am totally outraged by these incidents,” he said. “This is absolutely unacceptable. The American public trusts us to run a safe system. Safety is our number one priority and I am committed to working 24/7 until these problems are corrected.”

As a result, Babbitt and National Air Traffic Controllers Association (NATCA) president Paul Rinaldi are launching a nationwide “Call to Action” on air traffic control safety and professionalism. Next week, with members of their senior leadership teams, they will visit air traffic facilities around the country to reinforce the need for all air traffic personnel to adhere to the highest professional standards.

The Call to Action will also include an independent review of the FAA’s air traffic control training curriculum and qualifications and the expansion of NATCA’s Professional Standards committees.

This isn’t the first time a controller has fallen asleep on the job in recent months.

The FAA has suspended a controller at Boeing Field/King County International Airport (BFI) in Seattle for sleeping during his morning shift on April 11. The controller was monitoring local traffic in the airport tower cab while two other controllers worked arriving and departing aircraft.  The FAA said it is investigating the incident, adding that this controller is already facing disciplinary action for falling asleep on two separate occasions during an early evening shift in January.

The FAA said it has also suspended two controllers for an incident that occurred during the early morning hours of March 29 at Preston Smith International Airport (LBB) in Lubbock, Texas. During the midnight shift, the Lubbock controllers failed to hand off control of a departing aircraft to the Fort Worth Air Route Traffic Control Center, officials said.

The FAA said it is also is in the process of firing a controller who fell asleep at Knoxville, Tennessee’s McGhee Tyson Airport (TYS) in February.

And just last month, a controller who was staffing the tower at Washington Reagan National Airport (DCA) admitted he was napping when two airplanes tried unsuccessfully to contact the tower before landing anyway.

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charliemjd's picture

I am tired of the initial response to every aviation-related incident or accident to be the initial firing of some poor working stiff, either pilots or controllers or mechanics. While some of their conduct is inexcuseable, much of it is as a result of the systemic pressure to "do more with less" that has corrupted our country.

Rather than looking at these individual incidents as isolated problems caused by individuals who lack sufficient self-discipline and concern for the safety of others, they need to be examined as symptoms of a larger, systemic problem.

Cuts in the name of efficiency can only work to a point. Once that point is reached, further cuts will not create further efficiencies; they will create the inability to do the job.

When the tail falls off an Airbus, not once, but a few times, the only solution that will not require one or more multinational companies to invest a lot of money, and/or to lose a lot of money, is to blame the pilots. Fire the pilot, or besmirch his or her name, and the problem goes away. Hire another pilot and keep right on going.

When controllers are being overworked and under-rested, and the FAA has not provided for a decent pipeline of trained controllers to take over from the huge bubble of controllers who are approaching retirement, or who are simply fed up, the only solution that does not require the FAA to 'fess up and to go out, hire and train a bunch of people, and pay them a bunch of money; is to fire the controller who couldn't stay awake any longer, and to blame the whole thing on him or her.

Now, there are certainly situations where the pilot, mechanic and controller ARE to blame; where they did NOT give their job their best efforts; and where then did not do what was reasonably required of them. In those cases, firing and replacing would be PART of a proper and appropriate response. But when you start seeing strikingly similar problems arising all over the country, it is time for the DOT and the FAA to start looking at the system first, rather than just throwing the working man under the bus.

usad's picture

After working in similar conditions with a major railway for 34 years, I agree with Charliemjd in his post, quit "just throwing the working man under the bus."

And FAA Administrator Randy Babbitt's comment about getting out in the field is something he should have done months ago.

We just have to remember...we are all human and our Creator designed us to sleep at night. At one time or another Mr. Babbitt, anyone can and will fall asleep during a night shift...all alone.

Even you!

BillSterling's picture

i have been just Steaming over the conduct of Mr Babbitt, the FAA, AND the press, since these most recent problems with fatigue and it's consequences. my sickness comes not from their words but from my awareness that these controllers are being led out as sacrificial lambs to the slaughter. one of those controllers was a supervisor for pete's sake! you do not get to be a supervisor by sleeping on the job!

added to that is the press who keep trying to make this, as serious as the BASIC problem is, a catastrophic event, when, in fact, it perfectly demonstrated the viability of the procedure to 'land at an uncontrolled airport'. something part 135 carriers do all the time. safely.

i'm sorry to ramble but i'm sick to see these innocent controllers ruined over what is a supervisory problem relating to scheduling of working hours.

i'll quit. Charliemjd said it much better.

(has anyone bothered to actually COUNT the number of articles in Flying Magazine on this very subject??? perhaps a free subscription should be offered to Mr Babbitt. he can read them on his nightstand as he tries to get to sleep.)

mjpoli's picture

I am from rural Western Australia, student pilot, aged 62 (late starter but better late than never!) Always wanted to fly from small kid age. Brother in law is an ATC in Australia.
I have been following this saga all along and I could not agree more with the preceeding comments.
The blame here is with the structure of the FAA and the DOT.
In government it is always do the job with less people for less pay and for longer hours to get the most out of them.
There is never any thought to improving working conditions such that work becomes enjoyable and safe.
They rave on about "life - work balance" but as soon as anyone hints at doing something along those lines it is always the same answer viz. not in the budget.
The recent articles on this very subject in Flying Magazine were right on the button.
ATC is an extremely taxing job and I would certainly not do it. I am a dentist and so understand a bit about procedures and strict adherence to protocols as much as one of my heroes in Flying Mag, Dick Carl would.
I hope that this subject gets more and more good press before there are too many deaths.

losthorn's picture

Exactly right. It's completely irrational to have anyone that falls asleep on the job be held responsible. Its the system's fault, not his.

Geez, the overworked and underpaid:

Employment estimate and mean wage estimates for this occupation:
Mean hourly wage Mean annual wage
$51.44 $106,990

Percentile wage estimates for this occupation:
Percentile 10% 25% 50% 75% 90%
Hourly $22.38 $33.45 $52.81 $68.48 $77.72
Annual $46,550 $69,570 $109,850 $142,430 $161,650

The outrage in this story is that a fat cat bureaucrat is going to waste China's money to go on a tour to get his butt kissed.

pcquiet2's picture

@ Losthorn,

While it might seem that the salary is relevant to this discussion to you, it is not. The human body is not designed for the shift schedule these individuals are subjected to. The greater underlying factor here is the human factor. It is hypocritical that the FAA has pushed a class warning about "human factors" in aviation on all of us that work in all facets of this business. They are neglecting, once again, to follow their own advice.

Furthermore, I find it appalling that you believe that "extreme" pay equals super human abilities. We are all fallible, if you don't believe you are -try working a graveyard shift. See how long you can withstand a crushing sleep deficit. All the money in the world cannot defeat your body shutting down.

Is it possible that some of these individuals were intentionally sleeping on the job? Possibly, but the bigger debate should be focused on the systemic problem of "do more with less" and the limitations of the human body.

Carolina Flight Professionals's picture

In the wake of the recent incident in which an air traffic controller fell asleep during his shift at the Reno airport, I have serious concerns of similar happenings occurring among single pilots flying corporate airplanes for hire. I know that pilots have been flying single pilot for years, and I am also aware that most corporate pilots can fly single pilot operations competently. But my major concern is this: with the fatigue and stress of increased work loads in today’s economy, are the risks of flying with only a single pilot worth the very small savings that are realized by not having a co-pilot on board?

Just recently, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has begun to realize that it is unsafe to have only one air traffic controller on the job in the control tower. This realization comes on the heels of several incidents concerning air traffic controllers, who when operating at night by themselves, fell asleep on the job and forced planes to land without tower assistance into a controlled airport. The corporate aviation industry is in need of a similar epiphany regarding the dangers of single pilot flight.

Fatigue is not the only danger lurking in the control tower. An air traffic controller’s job is considered extremely stressful. Can one imagine the catastrophic outcome if an air traffic controller gives a command for an airliner to turn to a specific heading, then has a stress related heart attack and dies before any more commands can be given? I would like to think that a competent pilot could maintain awareness of the aircraft position and realize that something has gone wrong, and determine an alternate course of action. Similar health factors could play a role in the safety of corporate piloting as well. What would happen if it was the single pilot who had the heart attack? What would happen to the passengers in the cabin who have no idea their pilot had suffered an incapacitating health issue? Some companies suggest that the chance of something like this happening is slim to none. In my 15 years of flying experience, however, I have had several incidences that resulted in the need of the co-pilot’s intervention. I will briefly describe two of them.

I was asked to fly as co-pilot for a company that had hired a low-time pilot to fly their aircraft to Nassau, Bahamas. The captain was a young man, in his early to mid twenties, who did not have a lot of time flying the aircraft but met the time requirements for insurance companies. Our flight was smooth and uneventful, and we soon received our clearance to land. The captain made his approach to land and, just before the wheels were supposed to touch, he over-controlled the aircraft and put the plane into a pilot induced oscillation (PIO). The nose wheel hit first and the plane launched into the air. The captain tried to regain control of the plane, but only succeeded in allowing the plane to hit nose wheel first again, launching the plane into the air once more. At this point, I recognized that the next “nose first” bounce was going to be catastrophic for the plane, and announced to him that I was taking control. I rectified the problem, and landed the plane safely.

Did this action save our passengers’ lives? Perhaps. But I definitely saved the $1M plane from having very expensive damage. The point of this example is that having another set of eyes and capable hands in the cockpit possibly saved the lives of the passengers and certainly saved the airplane from destruction.

Some may think that the aforementioned incident could have been easily avoided by hiring an experienced captain in the first place, still negating the need for a co-pilot. With that belief in mind, let me describe another occurrence.

I was employed to fly as a co-pilot in a King Air 200. The captain and I had been flying together for most of the year. The captain was extremely experienced and had thousands of hours flying the plane. Our flight was to be a routine flight, one that we had made many times before. We had a full plane, consisting of the company’s president, his wife and children, and other acquaintances. Our flight was uneventful to our destination, but then at about 100 feet or less above the ground before landing, the captain suddenly suffered the passing of a kidney stone. He screamed and rolled off to the side over the center console in pain, pulling on the yoke as he rolled. At an approach speed of 120 knots, I had very little time to pull his hands off the yoke, regain control of the plane, and land safely.

Could this occurrence have resulted in lives lost had a co-pilot not been on board? Absolutely yes! And this very danger is my objection to flying with a single pilot in a corporate aircraft. Is it worth the $200 to $250 per day savings by not hiring a co-pilot to risk crashing a $2M plane and losing the lives of corporate executives, co-workers, or loved ones? It is my personal belief that it is not. It seems the FAA is realizing with air traffic controllers that there is safety in numbers, specifically two’s. This same realization is urgently needed in the corporate aviation industry to prevent significant financial and human loss.

About the author of this comment:

Scott Brown is the president of Carolina Flight Professionals, a corporate aircraft management company located in North Carolina. Carolina Flight Professionals has an accumulation of more than 40 years of accident, incident, and violation free flying experience.

ahwells's picture

I've worked night shifts like the controllers - two days, two swings, two mids, two days off, as a young man in the US Air Force. That schedule looks good on paper but is very debilitating. I fell asleep a couple of times around 4-5 AM, even though I had tried to get proper sleep before each shift. My outfit changed to a week of Mids, week of days, week of swings, and several days in between shifts to adjust and I never fell asleep on duty again. I've been fortunate so far to have alert and helpful controllers when I needed them, and I have needed them! We need to have enough controllers with enough sleep if we want safe skies.

Regarding Carolina Flights comments on two pilots, it's always cheaper to cut back on safety up until the time when you have the accident. And yes, then you just blame the accident on the pilot so the fellow who did the cost-cutting is in the clear.

cfiace's picture

As ahwells stated above, rotating shifts are debilitating and the FAA, while sponsoring fatigue studies and implementing piss poor CFR 14 regs, fail to apply the results of their studies to controllers.

racebum's picture

what makes the most sense to me is shorter shifts. from what i gather its a fairly high paying career that could be split in half in the same way ups and fed ex break up their night shifts. the other plan of attack is hiring really fit people. if an employee is constantly aware of their health, at the gym, eating right and sleeping well it's much less likely that they will nod off. same goes for psych and lifestyle screening. personally speaking i own carpet cleaning beaverton and am up pretty late with commercial jobs. if i don't sleep well after my next day is just shot. i can't help but wonder how many of these people are putting their social lives and magazine time above their work ethic.

losthorn's picture

@pcquiet2

You are correct the money does not physically determine whether an individual falls asleep on the job or not. I expect the extremely underpaid heroes in our military find other motivation to stay awake for periods that mock your use of the "graveyard" shift. If you aren't physically capable of doing the job, do the flying public a favor and get a daytime job.

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