Stop by your favorite general aviation airport and you are likely to find pilots in a spirited discussion, defending the merits of low-wing versus high-wing airplanes, or north-up versus track-up on a moving-map display. It didn’t take long after the Wright brothers’ first flight for pilots to form strong opinions in aviation, and today you won’t find a more hotly debated topic than which iPad app is best for pilots: ForeFlight Mobile or Garmin Pilot. Aviation-app developers have come and gone since the iPad was released in 2010, and there are just a handful of single-solution apps used by pilots today, with ForeFlight and Garmin Pilot at the top of that list. The mission of both apps has also grown from electronic chart display to full flight planning and substituting as an integrated avionics system — and now they can do more than many certified avionics products. When you break it down, though, the real question you should be asking is which app is best for you. Both apps have all the features and capabilities to feel right at home in the cockpit of a student pilot learning to fly, while simultaneously meeting the needs of professional pilots flying turbine airplanes. They’ve also grown to offer international chart and trip support thanks to partnerships with Jeppesen and Eurocontrol.
The Rise of the iPad
Before the iPad’s introduction in 2010, pilots primarily relied on handheld GPS receivers to provide supplemental airport data and a moving map in the cockpit. Garmin dominated this segment with a variety of hardware options and screen sizes, with its products selling for as much as $2,500. These portable GPS systems were a nice-to-have accessory in the cockpit, but didn’t replace paper charts or provide much in the way of preflight weather or trip planning. It also took some work and expense to keep the nav databases current.
Then, when the iPad arrived on the scene, pilots instantly recognized it as the long-awaited consumer product that could transform how data was managed and consumed in the cockpit. It was almost too good to be true: a slim tablet with a bright, responsive 10-inch color touchscreen and a battery life that would outlast a four-hour flight. And on the software side, ForeFlight was just as responsive and released a single-solution iPad app, building on the popularity of its iPhone version of the app. The paperless cockpit era had officially begun.
While Garmin didn’t get as early a jump as ForeFlight, the Olathe, Kansas-based avionics-maker debuted its full-featured Pilot app for iPad, iPhone and Android two years later in spring 2012. Garmin might have been the largest general aviation avionics company at that time, but it found itself in the position of playing catch-up in the mobile-app market.
Garmin continued to add features over the past six years, which has allowed it to meet, and on some fronts exceed, the capabilities of every other aviation app available today. Combined with its extensive portable and certified avionics connectivity options, Garmin is making the decision tougher than ever when deciding on the best app for your needs.
ForeFlight
ForeFlight’s design incorporates many of Apple’s standard iOS interface conventions, menus and controls, which eases the learning curve. It takes just a few taps to get to any location in the app, which you’ll appreciate when you need to access information quickly, like finding an instrument-approach chart or airspace information. ForeFlight uses the familiar iOS tab bar menu at the bottom of the screen to quickly switch between screens with one tap. Alternatively, the universal search function, accessible at the top of the Maps, Airports and Plates sections of the app, allows you to search for any type of data (airport info, chart, route and so on) and jump to its location in the app.
After spending some time with ForeFlight, you’ll find many thoughtful features designed to make life easier for the GA pilot flying single-pilot. The app excels at taking routine data that we’ve been using for years and presenting it in a much more meaningful way. For example, when viewing an instrument-approach chart or airport diagram, ForeFlight displays a shortcut on the screen to view all applicable notams about that procedure. And when an airport has a notam for a closed runway, the app presents a bold red banner across the center of the airport info screen to make sure it doesn’t get overlooked. An automated chart pack option is available when planning a flight, allowing you to press one button to download all the VFR/IFR charts needed for the trip. Then, when new charts become available for download every 28 days, ForeFlight will automatically download them when you open the app, reducing the likelihood you’ll ever get stuck with old charts in flight.
When it comes time to plan a flight, the Flights section of the app guides you through each step of the process, eliminating the need to bounce around to gather and enter data. For IFR pilots, ForeFlight offers a Recommended Route feature to help choose the optimum IFR route. This routing engine analyzes thousands of possible options based on your detailed aircraft performance profile and time/fuel savings, while also accounting for your aircraft ceiling, preferred routes and trending ATC-cleared routes.
There are just as many tools available in flight when automation can really help. ForeFlight’s contextual alerts play the role of the digital copilot, and will alert you on the ground with both visual and aural messages as you approach and enter active runways. In the air, they’ll notify when approaching a TFR or the Washington, D.C., special flight rules area. From a flight-safety standpoint, the app will alert you to cabin-altitude concerns, nearby terrain/obstacles, high sink rates, descent through 500 feet agl and nearby traffic when coupled with an ADS-B receiver. There are also convenience alerts, such as displaying the ATIS frequency for the destination airport during the arrival or displaying the nearby altimeter setting when descending through FL 180.
Another standout ForeFlight feature is its dedication to providing a high-quality weather-briefing experience. It includes all the essentials, such as text weather reports, forecasts and basic weather imagery, but then goes beyond with the inclusion of lesser-known forecast products. For example, on the airport weather screen, you’ll see a computer-generated text MOS Forecast next to the TAF that is available for more than 2,000 airports in the United States and includes a 72-hour forecast period. You’ll also see a Forecast Discussion option that includes plain language notes from the forecaster who created the TAF, describing the weather factors and confidence level that were considered.
ForeFlight includes a dedicated Weather Imagery section in the app that features a variety of forecast graphics and is by far the most comprehensive of any aviation app on the market. It aggregates data from a variety of sources, including the National Weather Service, Aviation Weather Center, Storm Prediction Center and Aviation Digital Data Service in one well-organized location. Here, you can track long-range precipitation, thunderstorm, visibility and cloud coverage forecasts with easy-to-read graphics. If you don’t mind leaving your comfort zone and learning some new weather products, you’ll be rewarded with a better understanding of the weather before each flight.
For those who prefer the standard Flight Service weather briefing, ForeFlight is the only app to offer a graphical weather briefing option, in the Flights section of the app, similar to what you’d find at 1800wxbrief.com, full of useful color graphics and images. This is a significant upgrade to traditional Flight Service briefings, which were commonly referred to as the “wall of text” — useful information, but time-consuming to put into context.
ForeFlight’s latest push has been into the turbine and professional pilot segment, offering an additional level of capability designed for the needs of high-performance operations. It includes custom aircraft performance profiles for hundreds of airplanes, ranging from piston-engine trainers to Citations and Boeing 737s, which makes long-range flight planning nearly effortless. These profiles were created using data collected directly from the manufacturer’s performance tables, providing highly accurate ETE and fuel calculations when planning a flight. The app will monitor your structural weight limits for each phase of flight, and offers various fuel policy options to assist with fuel planning. And since JetFuelX is a ForeFlight company, this free fuel card management program is nicely integrated into the app, allowing you to view contract fuel prices and request fuel releases directly from the Airports section.
Garmin Pilot
Compared with ForeFlight’s start as a charting and weather app, Garmin’s roots have always been in GPS navigation, and that’s where this app really excels. Pilots familiar with other Garmin navigation products, including the GTN 650/750 navigators, Aera portables and G1000 integrated flight deck, will feel right at home using Garmin’s data-driven moving map.
The app has a custom feel to it and doesn’t rely much on Apple’s standard iOS conventions and design. The icon-based main menu looks very similar to the home screen of the GTN 750 and FMS controllers used in Garmin’s OEM installations, again bringing an additional level of familiarity to those with previous Garmin experience. Similar to what you’d find on other Garmin navigation systems, there are nearly endless customization options for the moving-map display, providing a high degree of control. The downside of this design is that it can lead you to overlook some key features and settings when first using the app, but its nothing that can’t be sorted out with a little extra armchair flying.
The first major difference you’ll find on the map screen is the ability to launch a split-screen view with 11 different options to display alongside the map. Garmin’s implementation of these options is very well done, and allows you to keep an eye on your position on the chart graphically while simultaneously showing important items like taxiway diagrams, instrument-approach charts, a flight-plan screen, dedicated traffic display or terrain.
Flight instruments can either be displayed with the modern glass-cockpit layout or Garmin’s unique round instrument display. The synthetic-vision display is visually appealing and uses the same graphics as Garmin’s certified PFDs.
Similar to Garmin’s panel-mount navigation systems, the Pilot app offers dedicated Direct-To and Nearest functions, which are always in view in the top menu bar. Pilots have learned to love the dedicated Direct-To button on just about every other aviation GPS device, so it only makes sense that it should be front and center in the app too.
The Nearest function highlights the nearby airports on the moving map that meet your preset criteria for runway surface type and length. It will also display a list of the nearest airports across the top of the screen — tap one of the symbols, press the Direct-To key and follow the magenta line to that airport.
Then there’s Garmin Pilot’s Emergency Mode, which is arguably the most useful of any app if things go south. When you need to take action quickly (due to engine failure, instrument failure, medical issue or what have you), tapping this button will activate a modified version of the Nearest function, highlighting all the airports on the map within gliding distance of your current position. It also activates the split-screen view and displays the emergency checklist for your airplane. Well done, Garmin.
Pilots flying with ADS-B receivers will really appreciate the dedicated traffic screen, either in the full- or split-screen view. This helps to keep the moving-map screen decluttered and allows you to better identify nearby traffic when in busy airspace. This uses Garmin’s signature TargetTrend technology to show you where the aircraft will be in a user-configurable amount of time (say two minutes) depicted with a green trend line. You can easily filter targets based on relative altitude, and you can tap one to view its ground track, climb/descent rate, groundspeed and rate of closure.
Garmin Pilot has its share of smart features too, which provide contextual alerts. While these may not be as obvious as ForeFlight’s large pop-up displays and audio warnings, they can be very helpful once you know where to look for them. Start off with preflight planning — the app will constantly compare the weather reports for your planned departure and destination airports to the personal minimums you set in the app (maximum surface wind, minimum visibility and ceiling) and display a yellow triangle next to an airport ID on the Trip Planning screen when these will be exceeded, based on the nearest TAF.
For IFR flights, it will display a similar caution symbol in the same location when the weather dictates an alternate airport is needed, and display a helpful Alternate Airport Selection Guide to help you find an option that meets the requirements of FAR 91.169. You will also be notified when your selected altitude is too low for terrain, when incomplete aircraft data is entered for filing a flight plan, and on the moving map when approaching controlled or special-use airspace.
Connectivity
An important element to consider when choosing an app is connectivity. On the most basic level, you’ll want some type of GPS position source, and both apps are fully compatible with the internal GPS found on iPad models with the cellular data option and third-party GPS accessories from Bad Elf and Dual.
The next upgrade is adding a portable ADS-B receiver, which provides subscription-free weather and traffic. Both apps are only compatible with a few select ADS-B receivers, which guarantees a reliable user experience and tight hardware/software integration. Garmin is compatible with the Garmin GDL 50 and GDL 52 ADS-B receivers, while ForeFlight works with the Scout, Sentry and Stratus lines of receivers. The key takeaway here is to choose your app first, and then buy the compatible ADS-B receiver since they all offer excellent performance.
Both apps are also compatible with SiriusXM satellite weather, which offers improved coverage over the ground-based ADS-B network. Garmin Pilot is compatible with the Garmin GDL 51 and GDL 52 receivers, while ForeFlight is compatible with the SiriusXM SXAR1 receiver. The GDL 52 gives Garmin one advantage here by delivering both ADS-B weather/traffic and SiriusXM weather from the same portable device. ForeFlight users would need two separate receivers to accomplish this.
The big advancement in recent years has been in connecting the iPad to the avionics in the panel, providing two-way flight-plan transfers and an installed source of GPS, weather, AHRS and more. Garmin’s connected-panel system is called Connext and was initially designed to work exclusively with Garmin Pilot, but is now compatible with the ForeFlight app as well. Garmin avionics that offer this connectivity include the Flight Stream 110/210, GTX 345 ADS-B transponder, G3X experimental flight display and most of the new Garmin glass-cockpit systems installed in new aircraft.
There are a few Garmin connected-cockpit features that work exclusively with the Garmin Pilot app. First, you can only send SiriusXM satellite weather to Garmin Pilot using the Flight Stream system and an installed GDL 69 SiriusXM receiver (Flight Stream will send ADS-B weather to ForeFlight though). There’s also a time-saving feature, Database Concierge, that allows you to wirelessly update the databases on the GTN navigators from your iPad using the Flight Stream 510. This can only be done with the Garmin Pilot app.
Garmin Pilot also interfaces with the Aera 660 portable GPS, D2 smartwatch collection, Virb camera, inReach messenger and GSR 56 Iridium datalink for satellite calls and messaging. ForeFlight users, on the other hand, have the option to connect to additional avionics, including the Avidyne 550/540/440 navigator, Dynon SkyView panel and ADS-B transponders from L-3, FreeFlight and uAvionix.
Making Your Decision
When choosing an app, there’s more to consider than just how it looks and works on your iPad. Both these apps include access to a version specifically designed for the iPhone’s smaller screen, which often serves a completely different purpose than the iPad. Many pilots prefer to use the iPhone version when away from the airport to look up airport and FBO info, weather and for route planning, so spend time with this version while evaluating which app is best for you. It’s a great backup for charts in the cockpit too.
You might prefer an Android phone but use an iPad in the airplane — Garmin has you covered since it also works on Android and a subscription provides access to three separate devices. An additional consideration is whether you prefer to use a Web browser on a computer for preflight planning. ForeFlight is unique in that it offers a full-featured Web interface to plan a flight, view charts and evaluate the weather. This information syncs with the app on your iPhone and iPad.
You can’t go wrong with either app since both provide the core functionality to say goodbye to paper charts, but there are enough differences that it’s worth personally evaluating both applications to see which is a better fit for your preferences and type of flying. There is no risk in making the wrong choice, since you can try out both apps free for 30 days. Annual subscriptions start at less than $100 — which is the same amount you would spend on paper charts for a 200-mile IFR cross-country flight.
Try both apps, and you’ll likely find that one will ultimately feel right to you. Yes, you need to compare features, connectivity and pricing for premium features, but also spend some time thinking about which app you’ll feel comfortable with on your lap while flying a low-ILS approach in turbulence and driving rain. That’s what really matters.
More Similar than Different
While the layout and user interface of these apps couldn’t be more different, you’ll quickly find after spending some time with both apps that they offer the same core capabilities.
Trip planning Airport/FBO data, preflight weather briefing, aircraft performance profiles, electronic nav log, Flight Service weather briefing, weather imagery, ICAO flight-plan support
Charts FAA VFR sectionals and TACs, IFR high- and low-altitude en route charts, terminal procedures, worldwide Jeppesen VFR/IFR en route and terminal procedures
In-flight navigation Digital flight instruments, synthetic vision, GPS-driven moving maps with geo-referenced charts and terrain awareness
Connectivity ADS-B weather, SiriusXM satellite weather and entertainment, integration with Garmin panel-mount avionics
Digital assistant Weight and balance, logbook, aircraft checklists, track logging and scratchpad
What you’ll find after using either app is that they really are a one-stop shop for everything you need to both prepare for and execute a flight. The next step is to dig deeper into each app’s core capabilities and see which provider will deliver an edge for you based on what, where and how you fly.
