While you’re probably never likely to encounter** runway contamination as bad as this**, with the coming onset of winter weather, it’s a good idea to start thinking about how slush, ice, mud or standing water can affect your airplane’s performance.
The main effect of runway surface contamination on takeoff is reduced acceleration. Beyond that, loose snow, ice or slush can also be sprayed or thrown into gear, flaps, and control surface hinge areas, potentially leading to control malfunction.
