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Rectangular Wings

Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Designers John Thorp and Karl Bergey champion rectangular wings, arguing against the widely accepted view that tapered wings are inherently superior in structural and aerodynamic performance.
  • They contend that rectangular wings provide forgiving stall characteristics (stalling from the root) due to favorable Reynolds Number effects, avoiding the dangerous tip stalls common in tapered wings that necessitate drag-increasing fixes.
  • The supposed benefits of tapered wings, such as reduced drag and structural weight, are often negated by the need for these fixes, while rectangular wings offer comparable aerodynamic efficiency, suitability for high-speed aircraft, and manufacturing simplicity.
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In random reading about matters aeronautical I have twice come across essays in defense of rectangular wings. Not coincidentally, perhaps, both were by men who had taken part in the design of the Piper Cherokee, the airplane whose thick rectangular wing gave a new application to the name “Hershey Bar.” The first essay was by the late John Thorp, best known as the designer of the T-18 homebuilt. The second was by Karl Bergey, who is, among other things, emeritus professor of aerospace engineering at the University of Oklahoma.

Bergey is building a fast, high-performance homebuilt that happens to use a Cherokee wing?the original stubby rectangular one, before they added the tapered outer panels. So many people found the combination of “fast” and “rectangular wing” incongruous that Bergey felt obliged to put his case in writing.

Peter Garrison

Peter Garrison taught himself to use a slide rule and tin snips, built an airplane in his backyard, and flew it to Japan. He began contributing to FLYING in 1968, and he continues to share his columns, ""Technicalities"" and ""Aftermath,"" with FLYING readers.

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