Electrical Systems

Unless youre flying a hot-air balloon, a sailplane or something with an engine that must be hand-propped, your aircraft has an electrical system. It may power only the basic equipment, like lights and the engines starter motor, or it can power everything, including the landing gear, flaps and flight instruments. Modern systems-and even those aboard so-called legacy aircraft-usually are relatively simple and robust, with well-understood components and maintenance requirements.

Thursday, July 20, 2017 at 12:00 AM ET

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Key Takeaways:

Aircraft electrical systems are fundamental for various functions and their reliability depends heavily on proper maintenance, understanding components, and adhering to FAA-approved repair methods.
Key components in most general aviation aircraft include a battery, engine-driven alternator/generator, and associated switches and wiring; continuous pilot monitoring (e.g., ammeter, voltmeter) is crucial to detect failures early.
Safe operation requires diligent battery care (including proper charging and capacity testing), performing allowed owner maintenance correctly, and always being prepared for electrical failures by knowing emergency procedures and system limitations.

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Unless you’re flying a hot-air balloon, a sailplane or something with an engine that must be hand-propped, your aircraft has an electrical system. It may power only the basic equipment, like lights and the engine’s starter motor, or it can power everything, including the landing gear, flaps and flight instruments. Modern systems—and even those aboard so-called legacy aircraft—usually are relatively simple and robust, with well-understood components and maintenance requirements.