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One Risk Over The Line

Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Risk management is becoming an integral part of pilot training and certification (ACS), requiring proficiency in identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks both before and dynamically throughout a flight.
  • Pilots must apply continuous in-flight risk management, utilizing models like the FAA's 3P (Perceive, Process, Perform) and CARE (Consequences, Alternatives, Reality, External pressures) to adapt to changing conditions and new hazards.
  • A historical Mooney accident illustrates the fatal consequences of failing to treat a critical in-flight equipment failure (vacuum pump in IMC) as an emergency and not applying proper risk mitigation.
  • The incident highlights the importance of comprehensive pre-flight "what-if" scenario planning and immediately mitigating significant in-flight risks, such as diverting to visual conditions when faced with instrument failures in IMC.
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Thanks in part to requirements in the new Airman Certification Standards (ACS) for applicants to demonstrate proficiency with it on practical tests, risk management is becoming an integral part of the training process. Outlined in every task of every ACS for certificates and ratings, applicants are evaluated on their ability to identify, assess and mitigate risk. As familiarity with the ACS grows, examiners may require applicants to show their risk analysis during the oral portion of the practical test. This is all well and good, but applicants should also be able to demonstrate risk management proficiency after takeoff, as conditions change the risk picture. 

Even today, most pilots have not received any training on risk management. The ACS system is still relatively new, with the first ACS documents issued in 2016. As pilots are learning to do formal risk management, most instructors have not yet learned how to teach it, and most examiners have not yet learned how to test it. To help instructors help their students, the FAA has begun the work of revising its Risk Management Handbook (FAA-H-8083-2), originally issued in 2009.

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