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Mitigating Pilot Deviations

Pilot deviations, from minor mistakes to serious errors, have myriad reasons. All can be mitigated with risk management.

Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Pilot Deviations (PDs) occur when a pilot violates ATC instructions, FARs, or ADIZ, categorized as either ground (e.g., runway incursions, wrong surface events) or airborne (e.g., straying from clearances, airspace penetration).
  • Pilots are typically notified of a "possible pilot deviation" via a Brasher Notification, which is an immediate prompt from ATC designed to ensure the pilot remembers the event for subsequent discussion and potential resolution.
  • Common causal factors for PDs include distractions, miscommunication, inadequate preflight planning (e.g., unfamiliarity with airport layouts or TFRs), and hazardous pilot attitudes.
  • Key mitigation strategies involve active listening, writing down and reading back clearances, meticulous planning of taxi routes and en-route airspace, maintaining a sterile cockpit, and utilizing the Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) for inadvertent violations to potentially avoid penalties.
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Imagine you’ve just landed, taxied off the runway and hear the tower controller say to you, “Possible pilot deviation. Advise you contact (the ATC facility) at (phone number).” Following that exchange, you dutifully copy the phone number with the anxiety of having to make a dreaded phone call to an ATC supervisor. You then ask yourself, “Pilot deviation? What is that and what did I do wrong?”

A pilot deviation (PD) occurs when a pilot takes some action that violates ATC instructions, a FAR or an Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ). A PD can range from an unintentional, innocuous mistake to an intentional, deliberate pilot action resulting in a serious matter. If found culpable, and depending on circumstances, pilot penalties for a PD can include remedial flight instruction from a flight instructor, a “709” checkride (re-examination of pilot skills) and enforcement actions (certificate suspension or revocation). The phrase “possible pilot deviation” is a Brasher Notification, putting the pilot on notice of a possible violation. The sidebar on the opposite page has more on Brasher Notifications.

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