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Mitigating Pilot Deviations

Pilot deviations, from minor mistakes to serious errors, have myriad reasons. All can be mitigated with risk management.

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Key Takeaways:

  • Pilot Deviations (PDs) occur when pilots violate ATC instructions, FARs, or ADIZ, leading to potential penalties like remedial training or certificate suspension; pilots are typically notified by ATC with a "Brasher Notification" to ensure the incident is remembered.
  • Common causes of PDs, categorized as ground or airborne, include distractions, miscommunication, inadequate preflight planning, and hazardous attitudes, which can be mitigated through active listening, meticulous planning, use of sterile cockpit procedures, and diligent clearance read-backs.
  • If facing a possible PD, pilots should respond cooperatively and consider legal advice; importantly, submitting a report to the NASA Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) for inadvertent violations within 10 days can help prevent civil penalties or certificate suspensions.
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Imagine you’ve just landed, taxied off the runway and hear the tower controller say to you, “Possible pilot deviation. Advise you contact (the ATC facility) at (phone number).” Following that exchange, you dutifully copy the phone number with the anxiety of having to make a dreaded phone call to an ATC supervisor. You then ask yourself, “Pilot deviation? What is that and what did I do wrong?”

A pilot deviation (PD) occurs when a pilot takes some action that violates ATC instructions, a FAR or an Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ). A PD can range from an unintentional, innocuous mistake to an intentional, deliberate pilot action resulting in a serious matter. If found culpable, and depending on circumstances, pilot penalties for a PD can include remedial flight instruction from a flight instructor, a “709” checkride (re-examination of pilot skills) and enforcement actions (certificate suspension or revocation). The phrase “possible pilot deviation” is a Brasher Notification, putting the pilot on notice of a possible violation. The sidebar on the opposite page has more on Brasher Notifications.

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