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Mitigating Pilot Deviations

Pilot deviations, from minor mistakes to serious errors, have myriad reasons. All can be mitigated with risk management.

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Key Takeaways:

  • Pilot Deviations (PDs) are violations of ATC instructions, FARs, or ADIZ, categorized as ground or airborne, and can result in penalties like remedial training or certificate actions.
  • A "Brasher Notification" alerts pilots immediately to a possible PD, requiring them to contact ATC; pilots should be cooperative, factual, and may consider legal counsel.
  • Preventing PDs involves diligent preflight planning, writing and reading back clearances, active listening, maintaining a sterile cockpit, and recognizing/mitigating hazardous attitudes.
  • Filing an Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) report with NASA can help pilots avoid civil penalties or certificate suspension for inadvertent violations, provided specific conditions are met.
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Imagine you’ve just landed, taxied off the runway and hear the tower controller say to you, “Possible pilot deviation. Advise you contact (the ATC facility) at (phone number).” Following that exchange, you dutifully copy the phone number with the anxiety of having to make a dreaded phone call to an ATC supervisor. You then ask yourself, “Pilot deviation? What is that and what did I do wrong?”

A pilot deviation (PD) occurs when a pilot takes some action that violates ATC instructions, a FAR or an Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ). A PD can range from an unintentional, innocuous mistake to an intentional, deliberate pilot action resulting in a serious matter. If found culpable, and depending on circumstances, pilot penalties for a PD can include remedial flight instruction from a flight instructor, a “709” checkride (re-examination of pilot skills) and enforcement actions (certificate suspension or revocation). The phrase “possible pilot deviation” is a Brasher Notification, putting the pilot on notice of a possible violation. The sidebar on the opposite page has more on Brasher Notifications.

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