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Right Approach Speeds

If you come in with too much speed, one of two things is likely. You'll either float a ways down the runway until you bleed off enough speed.
Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • General aviation pilots frequently conduct high-energy (fast) approaches and landings, a common and dangerous practice that accounts for 38% of GA landing accidents.
  • This tendency is often due to ATC requests, pilot discomfort with slower flight characteristics, fear of stalling, and misapplying the aircraft's published VRef, which is typically calculated for maximum gross weight rather than actual, often lighter, landing weight.
  • To improve safety, pilots should prioritize stabilized approaches, adjust landing speed based on actual aircraft weight (VRef varies significantly with load), and cultivate comfort with slower flight and angle-of-attack indicators.
See a mistake? Contact us.

Our training for the instrument ticket focused on flying by reference to instruments, how to shoot approaches, holds etc. By that point pilots were presumed to have mastered the art of landing, so who needed any more instruction on that? (Or, so the argument goes.) Your approach speed is an essential precursor to a good landing, even—or perhaps especially—for an instrument pilot. More specifically, fast (aka high-energy) approaches, can be requested by ATC and become a trap, and possibly lead to a bent airplane or, worse still, a fatal outcome. Let’s start by looking at that trap.

High-Energy Approach Trap

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