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RADAR Revisited

This NEXRAD WSR-88D radar site at Oklahoma City is typical of the 160 sites. (Tim Vasquez photo)
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Key Takeaways:

  • Modern pilots have widespread access to NEXRAD radar data, making it crucial to understand not just how to get the data, but how radar works, its sources (e.g., NEXRAD vs. airborne, mosaic vs. single-site), and the type of reflectivity (base vs. composite) being viewed for accurate interpretation of dangerous storms.
  • For identifying hazardous weather, pilots should primarily look for areas of high reflectivity (intensity) and tight reflectivity gradients, recognizing that composite reflectivity is generally recommended for overall avoidance, while base reflectivity can reveal detailed storm structure.
  • It's vital for pilots to understand that the absence of strong radar intensity does not guarantee a storm is weak; pilots must also consider storm organization, giving a wide berth to isolated "discrete" cells and bowing squall lines, which indicate a high potential for severe weather.
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Just 40 years ago, a pilot’s only real access to live radar data was in the cockpit of a sophisticated multi-engine aircraft. But thanks to rapid advances in technology and computer networks, anybody carrying a smartphone has access to nearly all of the data from the federal government’s $3 billion radar network. Add ADS-B In to the mandated Out, and you can reliably get all this data when airborne. This radar network is known as NEXRAD, Next Generation Radar, and is made up of 160 WSR-88D radar sites.

While this provides great convenience and helps pilots breathe easy, the fact remains that the United States has some of the most dangerous convective storms in the world. It’s essential that every pilot knows not only how to get the data, but also how radar works, to understand what they’re seeing, and where interpretation might go wrong. There’s more to it than just looking for the red spots.

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