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Fairchild XC-120 Packplane Became an Intermodal Hope That Fell Flat

It was designed with 'quadricycle' landing gear and modular cargo pod that, in theory, could be quickly attached to and detached from the aircraft.

With the detachable cargo pod removed, personnel boarded the unique Fairchild XC-120 via an extendable ladder. [Credit: U.S. Air Force]
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Key Takeaways:

  • Fairchild developed the XC-120 Packplane, a modified C-119 featuring unique quadricycle landing gear and a detachable, modular cargo pod, to address slow cargo loading/unloading times by allowing quick swapping of pre-loaded containers.
  • The aircraft's design aimed to minimize ground time, thereby theoretically increasing cargo throughput by separating loading operations from the aircraft's flight schedule, similar to modern intermodal container systems.
  • However, the XC-120 encountered significant technical and operational problems, including difficult ground handling, poor low-speed aerodynamic control, and a slow, challenging pod attachment/detachment process, leading to the program's cancellation in 1952.
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In the years following World War II, aircraft manufacturers and militaries alike were in search of new and innovative solutions to transporting cargo and personnel into and out of war zones and around the world. With stalwarts like the Douglas C-47 setting the bar high, Fairchild rose to the challenge, developing the C-82 Packet and its improved successor, the C-119 Flying Boxcar.

These new designs incorporated then-modern tricycle landing gear and, notably, rear cargo ramps to expedite the loading and unloading of vehicles and outsized cargo. However, when the logistics behind the delivery of troops and supplies were explored from a higher level, an innovative new concept emerged. 

Jason McDowell

Jason McDowell is a private pilot and Cessna 170 owner based in Madison, Wisconsin. He enjoys researching obscure aviation history and serves as a judge for the National Intercollegiate Flying Association. He can be found on Instagram as @cessnateur.

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