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Coupled Up

The PMA450A audio panel is getting some upgrades. PS Engineering
Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Modern autopilots are critical safety tools that reduce pilot workload in IFR conditions, but their effective use demands a deep understanding of their specific functionalities and limitations for each aircraft.
  • Successful coupled approaches require meticulous setup, constant monitoring of the Flight Mode Annunciator (FMA), and awareness of unique challenges such as managing non-precision approaches and transitioning to hand-flying in low visibility.
  • Pilots must always be prepared for autopilot failures by keeping hands on controls during approaches, practicing emergency procedures, and understanding how other system failures impact automation.
  • Despite the benefits of automation, maintaining proficiency in "raw-data" (hand-flying) approaches is essential, as these fundamental skills become critical when automation inevitably fails.
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As time marches on, so do advancements to many of the aircraft we are fortunate enough to fly. When I did my initial instrument training, I remember the high-workload events like setting up and briefing approaches, talking to ATC and running the checklists, all while hand-flying the aircraft on steam gauges. It was an exercise in managing task saturation, and it was easy to get behind if one was not on the ball. My instructor used to say, “If you are not doing something, you are missing something.”

When I transitioned to professional flying, it is somewhat ironic how all the procedures and techniques I used for single-pilot IFR during my instrument training fly completely in the face of modern CRM recommendations and SOPs. If a pilot is hand-flying, that is all they are focused on. For passenger-carrying operations, it is not even legal to dispatch a single pilot without a functioning autopilot. When implemented appropriately and functioning correctly, automation can reduce pilot workload and keep the crew in front of the airplane. 

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