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Clearing Your Turns

See and avoid remains the primary collision-avoidance method, but merely looking where you’re going isn’t enough. 

Photo: Joseph E. Burnside
Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Effective clearing turns are critical for aviation safety, with the FAA emphasizing thorough visual scanning rather than a single prescribed method, and failure to perform them correctly can lead to disqualification.
  • A proper clearing turn is a multi-step process, requiring careful area selection, active scanning before and during turns (compensating for aircraft blind spots), and integrating a systematic scanning technique (e.g., 10-degree segments).
  • Pilots must actively move their head and adjust pitch/bank to overcome blind spots created by the airframe, especially in high-wing versus low-wing aircraft.
  • While modern tools like ADS-B traffic displays enhance situational awareness, they serve as advisory aids and do not replace the fundamental requirement for diligent visual scanning due to their inherent limitations (e.g., not showing non-participating traffic).
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Anyone who has gone through primary training and progressed as far as doing airwork—slow-flight, stalls, ground-reference maneuvers, etc.—should be familiar with at least the concept of a clearing turn. In its most-common flavor, the airplane is turned 90 degrees in one direction and then another 90 degrees in the other direction. In between those turns, while flying more or less straight-and-level, we’re supposed to look for potential traffic before reversing the turn and initiating the planned maneuver.

Of course, as with almost all things in aviation, there’s a right way and a wrong way to perform a task, and looking for traffic while performing a clearing turn qualifies. Meanwhile, the “clearing turn” itself also could use some amplification, not least because it’s really two turns. And we should probably take a moment to pay attention to what we’re turning toward before even beginning the clearing turn. Just like rain on your wedding day, wouldn’t it be ironic to collide with another airplane during a clearing turn?

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