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RADAR Revisited

This NEXRAD WSR-88D radar site at Oklahoma City is typical of the 160 sites. (Tim Vasquez photo)
Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Despite easy access to NEXRAD data, pilots must understand how radar works and correctly interpret the data, as simply looking for "red spots" is insufficient to safely navigate dangerous convective storms.
  • Pilots should distinguish between mosaic and single-site radar images, and understand the difference between base reflectivity (good for storm structure) and composite reflectivity (recommended for overall hazardous weather identification by showing maximum intensity from all tilts).
  • Key indicators of dangerous storms include high reflectivity (reds/whites) and tight reflectivity gradients, but pilots should note that the absence of strong intensity doesn't guarantee a weak storm, and should also watch for discrete cells or bowing squall lines as signs of severe weather.
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Just 40 years ago, a pilot’s only real access to live radar data was in the cockpit of a sophisticated multi-engine aircraft. But thanks to rapid advances in technology and computer networks, anybody carrying a smartphone has access to nearly all of the data from the federal government’s $3 billion radar network. Add ADS-B In to the mandated Out, and you can reliably get all this data when airborne. This radar network is known as NEXRAD, Next Generation Radar, and is made up of 160 WSR-88D radar sites.

While this provides great convenience and helps pilots breathe easy, the fact remains that the United States has some of the most dangerous convective storms in the world. It’s essential that every pilot knows not only how to get the data, but also how radar works, to understand what they’re seeing, and where interpretation might go wrong. There’s more to it than just looking for the red spots.

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