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Wind’s Effect on Vortices

Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Crosswinds significantly alter wake vortex movement, causing downwind vortices to accelerate away and upwind vortices to remain over the runway.
  • This differential vortex behavior has critical safety implications for both the original runway and adjacent parallel runways.
  • Wake vortices can persist and remain energized for longer than the FAA's standard three-minute dissipation time.
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In no-wind situations as pictured in the diagram at top right, wake vortices tend to move outward laterally across the surface at about three knots. However, when light crosswinds are present, the downwind vortices will move at three knots plus the wind velocity. The upwind vortices, meanwhile will stay over the runway, as shown in the diagram at bottom right. This behavior has obvious implications for operations in crosswind situations on both the original runway and on downwind, parallel runways.

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