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Visual Approach Risks

Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Visual approaches, while efficient, present significant safety risks such as Class B airspace excursions, wrong surface landings, and potential mid-air collisions, as highlighted by recent FAA Safety Alert for Operators (SAFOs).
  • Specific dangers include large turbine aircraft inadvertently exiting Class B airspace below designated floors and ILS signal interference during coupled/autoland operations in visual conditions when critical areas are unprotected.
  • The FAA advises pilots to carefully evaluate visual approach clearances, consider requesting instrument approaches, decline if safety is compromised (e.g., due to last-minute changes), and inform ATC when using automation like autoland.
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The visual approach is by far the most-used method for pilots of IFR aircraft to find their way to the destination. Compared to the typical published approach procedure, a visual approach can save several miles and several minutes, not to mention several pounds/gallons of fuel. When the weather allows, it’s the approach clearance of choice for both ATC and operators.

But visual approaches are not without their risks, especially at night or when pilots and crews “push” a little too hard on whether they have the airport or the preceding aircraft in sight and can maintain that visual reference. And when approaching visually to Class B International, some transports are exiting the Bravo airspace, contrary to the FARs. At the same time, crews flying suitably equipped aircraft often are cleared for and fly a visual approach clearance while employing the aircraft’s automation capabilities to “land itself” with a coupled approach or autoland. Mayhem can ensue if ATC isn’t aware of your plans.

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