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Visual Approach Risks

Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Visual approaches, while expedient, pose significant safety risks such as Class B airspace excursions by large aircraft, wrong surface landings, and potential ILS signal interference if automation (autoland) is used without ATC awareness, prompting FAA safety advisories.
  • The FAA recommends pilots judiciously evaluate the safety of accepting a visual approach, suggesting instrument approaches when practicable and advising ATC if a visual approach is undesired or unsafe due to factors like last-minute changes.
  • Pilots conducting visual approaches are responsible for maintaining separation, ensuring visual reference to the airport or preceding aircraft, and should inform ATC when utilizing automation like autoland to mitigate risks.
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The visual approach is by far the most-used method for pilots of IFR aircraft to find their way to the destination. Compared to the typical published approach procedure, a visual approach can save several miles and several minutes, not to mention several pounds/gallons of fuel. When the weather allows, it’s the approach clearance of choice for both ATC and operators.

But visual approaches are not without their risks, especially at night or when pilots and crews “push” a little too hard on whether they have the airport or the preceding aircraft in sight and can maintain that visual reference. And when approaching visually to Class B International, some transports are exiting the Bravo airspace, contrary to the FARs. At the same time, crews flying suitably equipped aircraft often are cleared for and fly a visual approach clearance while employing the aircraft’s automation capabilities to “land itself” with a coupled approach or autoland. Mayhem can ensue if ATC isn’t aware of your plans.

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