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How Were Drones Used During WWI and WWII?

Military drones as we know them actually originated more than a century ago.

The Kettering Bug, one of the earliest combat drones, inspired the UAVs that flew in World War II and beyond. [Courtesy: National Museum of the U.S. Air Force]
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Key Takeaways:

  • Drones are transforming modern warfare, exemplified by the Russia-Ukraine conflict, but their conceptual origins as unmanned aircraft date back over a century to early uses like military balloons for combat and photography.
  • World War I saw the development of the first radio-controlled aircraft and experimental "flying bombs," laying the groundwork for remotely guided combat and surveillance technologies.
  • World War II accelerated drone development, leading to the mass production of target drones, the deployment of early combat drones, and the devastating impact of operational cruise missiles like Germany's V-1 and V-2.
  • The foundational concepts established during the World Wars led to exponential research and development, making drones integral to nearly all modern armed conflicts for surveillance, logistics, and precision strikes.
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War isn’t waged like it once was. In Russia and Ukraine, drones or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are shifting the tides of battle. And in the era of social media and mass communication, their use for combat, surveillance, logistics, and more has been well documented.

Recently, drones have dominated coverage of the Russia-Ukraine war, epitomized by last week’s media storm around Ukrainian drone attacks on Moscow and the Kremlin. We take those capabilities for granted today—they’re just a feature of war. But plenty of active service members were alive during a time when today’s UAVs were inconceivable.

Jack Daleo

Jack is a staff writer covering advanced air mobility, including everything from drones to unmanned aircraft systems to space travel—and a whole lot more. He spent close to two years reporting on drone delivery for FreightWaves, covering the biggest news and developments in the space and connecting with industry executives and experts. Jack is also a basketball aficionado, a frequent traveler and a lover of all things logistics.

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