Register

How GPS Works

Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • GPS determines position by calculating distances from multiple satellites, requiring at least three to resolve to a unique ground location, with four or more satellites providing greater precision using precise timing data from onboard atomic clocks.
  • The Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) enhances GPS accuracy and reliability for critical navigation, such as LPV approaches, by using ground stations to detect errors and transmit corrections via geostationary satellites to receivers.
  • For IFR flight, GPS units must be permanently installed, certified (TSO C129/C145/C146), have a current database, and meet specific documentation and logging requirements to be legal for primary navigation.
  • GPS can generally substitute for terrestrial navaids in IFR flight, with key exceptions being the final approach segment and any portion of a localizer-based approach.
See a mistake? Contact us.

Back in the bad old days of VOR navigation you could find your position by tuning in two different VOR’s. Each radial from a VOR was a “line of position” from that VOR. Your position could be anywhere on that line. Where the two lines from two different VORs intersected was your location. For accuracy you had to plot the radials on a paper sectional, but it worked.

If you were lucky, you might have had a DME, meaning you only needed to tune one VOR for the line of position and use the DME for distance along that line. Plotting was easier that way. But either way, you needed the paper chart to see where you were and your accuracy was at best within a mile or so. These days, GPS-driven moving maps are ubiquitous—even available on some watches—and instantly show your position within a few meters. How can that be?

Ready to Sell Your Aircraft?

List your airplane on AircraftForSale.com and reach qualified buyers.

List Your Aircraft
AircraftForSale Logo | FLYING Logo
Pilot in aircraft
Sign-up for newsletters & special offers!

Get the latest stories & special offers delivered directly to your inbox.

SUBSCRIBE