Modern turbofan engines are highly efficient, quieter, and produce lower emissions by applying Newton's second law of motion.
Their operation involves a four-step process: drawing in massive amounts of air with a large fan, compressing a portion of that air, igniting it with fuel to power turbines, and finally expelling the hot gases and bypassed air to create thrust.
A key feature of turbofan engines is the bypass design, where a large majority (up to 80%) of the incoming air bypasses the core combustion chamber, is accelerated, and contributes significantly to the overall thrust.
Take a close look at the inner workings of a modern turbofan engine and you’ll discover a marvelous network of parts that puts Newton’s second law of motion to work with elegance and surprising simplicity, allowing today’s jets to go farther on less fuel while making less noise and emitting lower emissions. Here’s how a turbofan works:
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