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Visual Approach Risks

Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Visual approaches, while efficient, pose significant safety risks including Class B airspace excursions by large aircraft and wrong surface landings, as highlighted by recent FAA Safety Alert for Operators (SAFOs).
  • Pilots accepting visual approaches are responsible for separation and must decline if safety is compromised; using automated landing systems (autoland/coupled approaches) in visual conditions requires advising ATC to prevent ILS signal interference.
  • The FAA recommends pilots consider requesting instrument approaches instead of visuals, decline visual clearances if conditions are unsafe, maintain stabilized approaches, and communicate automation use to ATC to mitigate these identified risks.
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The visual approach is by far the most-used method for pilots of IFR aircraft to find their way to the destination. Compared to the typical published approach procedure, a visual approach can save several miles and several minutes, not to mention several pounds/gallons of fuel. When the weather allows, it’s the approach clearance of choice for both ATC and operators.

But visual approaches are not without their risks, especially at night or when pilots and crews “push” a little too hard on whether they have the airport or the preceding aircraft in sight and can maintain that visual reference. And when approaching visually to Class B International, some transports are exiting the Bravo airspace, contrary to the FARs. At the same time, crews flying suitably equipped aircraft often are cleared for and fly a visual approach clearance while employing the aircraft’s automation capabilities to “land itself” with a coupled approach or autoland. Mayhem can ensue if ATC isn’t aware of your plans.

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