Modern turbofan engines operate on Newton's second law through a four-step process (Suck, Squeeze, Burn, Blow) to achieve efficient, quieter flight with lower emissions.
A large fan draws in massive amounts of air, with the majority bypassing the engine's core through a duct to provide up to 80 percent of the overall thrust.
The remaining air is compressed, mixed with fuel and ignited in the combustor to spin turbines, which in turn power the fan and compressors, before exiting the engine to provide the rest of the thrust.
Take a close look at the inner workings of a modern turbofan engine and you’ll discover a marvelous network of parts that puts Newton’s second law of motion to work with elegance and surprising simplicity, allowing today’s jets to go farther on less fuel while making less noise and emitting lower emissions. Here’s how a turbofan works:
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