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Learning to Fly in Smoke and Haze

Smoke from Canadian wildfires can affect flight training. Here's what you should know.

Smoke in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. [Credit: Donald Madar]
Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Wildfire smoke is an underrecognized but significant aviation hazard, causing low visibility (IFR conditions) and unhealthy air quality that can rapidly impact flight operations.
  • Smoke severely hinders VFR flight by dramatically reducing visibility, making visual navigation difficult and obscuring other aircraft, often more severely than automated weather reports indicate.
  • Pilots must prepare for smoke events by maintaining high situational awareness, preemptively using IFR procedures (e.g., filing IFR or flight following), practicing instrument skills, and having diversion plans.
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Ask a private pilot applicant what kind of weather phenomenon generates low visibility and instrument flight rules (IFR) conditions, chances are you’ll hear “low clouds and fog” before you hear “smoke.” It is the latter, however, that’s putting a damper on many training and recreational flights on the east coast and parts of the midwest this week. In this case, the smoke is coming from wildfires in Canada and drifting southward.

According to the New York Times and NBC, residents of the smoke-impacted areas are being warned that the conditions are hazardous for all age groups, and advised to stay indoors and wear masks outdoors. A check of the TAFs and METARs in all states bordering Canada showed a fair amount of FU (smoke) and HZ (haze) in the reports. More disquieting were the predictions of thunderstorm activity in several states—bringing  the threat of more wildfires.

Meg Godlewski

Meg Godlewski has been an aviation journalist for more than 24 years and a CFI for more than 20 years. If she is not flying or teaching aviation, she is writing about it. Meg is a founding member of the Pilot Proficiency Center at EAA AirVenture and excels at the application of simulation technology to flatten the learning curve. Follow Meg on Twitter @2Lewski.

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