Register

Breaking Out

On The Cover: Breaking out after an instrument approach is one of the most satisfying things an instrument pilot can achieve. Most likely, we'll want to land on the runway ahead of us, but what if that's not the case? We have options, but we have to plan for them. See the article beginning on page 16 for more. Photo by Michal Orlita/Dreamstime.com
Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • After breaking out of an instrument approach, pilots have multiple options beyond a straight-in landing, including executing a missed approach, circling, canceling IFR, or diverting.
  • Strict regulatory requirements (FAR 91.175) mandate specific visual references to descend below MDA/DH/DA and safely land when operating under IFR.
  • Proper execution of alternative procedures like missed approaches requires adherence to charted paths for obstacle clearance, while circling maneuvers demand compliance with published minima based on aircraft speed.
  • Thorough pre-approach planning and briefing for all potential scenarios (landing, missed approach, circling, diverting) are crucial for safe and compliant IFR operations.
See a mistake? Contact us.

After a few hours in the clag, pushing buttons and keeping the magenta line more or less centered, you’re vectored for the approach at your destination, fly the procedure, descend and spot the runway, just as everyone said you would. There’s a big, beautiful runway right there in front of you. What’s next? Conventional wisdom, along with your training, says you land on it. But that may or may not be what you want to do. In fact, you have a lot of options.

Sure; you can land, and that’s what you’ll most likely do, after performing a final landing checklist. You also can go around, for example, flying the missed approach procedure. Maybe your landing clearance was cancelled as you broke out due to a debris-contaminated runway, thanks to the preceding arrival, and that’s what ATC wants you to do. You can circle, maybe to land on the same pavement but from the opposite direction. You also can cancel IFR, or even obtain an SVFR clearance, and proceed to your real, nearby destination. Each of these options has upsides and downsides, but no matter which one you choose, you need to be prepared for it. That occurs during your approach briefing, which is best done at altitude, while you’re straight and level and have some time, before descending and flying the procedure.

Ready to Sell Your Aircraft?

List your airplane on AircraftForSale.com and reach qualified buyers.

List Your Aircraft
AircraftForSale Logo | FLYING Logo
Pilot in aircraft
Sign-up for newsletters & special offers!

Get the latest stories & special offers delivered directly to your inbox.

SUBSCRIBE