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Batteries Are the Heart of GA Aircraft

Here's the down-and-dirty of what you should know about aircraft lead-acid batteries.

Aircraft batteries power aircraft with 12- and 24-volt systems and range from nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cad) batteries, vented (flooded) lead-acid, valve-regulated (VR) lead-acid maintenance, and the latest technology, Lithium-ion. [Courtesy: Richard Scarbrough]
Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Aircraft batteries are the critical "heart" of an aircraft system, providing essential power for at least 51 minutes during in-flight alternator or generator failures, with their design, installation, and maintenance heavily regulated by FAA documents like FARs, ACs, and TSOs.
  • Unlike car batteries, aircraft batteries (especially lead-acid types) require meticulous maintenance, including controlled voltage charging to prevent plate damage and annual capacity testing to ensure they meet essential power requirements.
  • The most vital maintenance practice is to "fly the airplane" regularly (at least one hour weekly) to prevent self-discharge and sulphation, or use a specialized aircraft battery maintainer during extended periods of inactivity to preserve battery health and airworthiness.
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Airplanes are complex creatures assembled from various hardware, aluminum, rubber, steel, wiring, tubing, and more. Designers dream up the concept. Engineers draw up the plans. Manufacturers push them down the assembly line. Owners leverage financial positions to procure, and mechanics bless them so pilots can put them in the sky. How does all this work? Pure Fantastical Magic, or PFM.

Let’s start at the beginning. An older mechanic once told me that aircraft batteries are almost always an afterthought. Electric current, he said, is just like oxygen. You don’t think of it until you aren’t getting any.

Richard Scarbrough

Richard is a US Navy Veteran, A&P Mechanic, and Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University alumni. His experience ranges from general and corporate aviation to helicopters, business jets, and commercial airliners. Former owner of a 145 repair station, he currently has an aerospace product management role and is a member of the T-C-Alliance. Follow him on X (Twitter) at @RScarCo.

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