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Key Takeaways:

  • Electronic flight displays (EFIS/PFDs) evolved from early designs that mimicked mechanical instruments to more integrated systems, overcoming initial skepticism and quickly gaining acceptance from pilots of all ages.
  • Early PFDs, like the Gulfstream G-IV, introduced vertical tape displays for airspeed and altitude due to space limitations, which became an industry standard despite human factors research suggesting round dials offered faster information processing.
  • Synthetic Vision Systems (SVS) are highlighted as the "game changer," fundamentally transforming IFR flying by providing real-time terrain and flight path guidance, significantly reducing pilot workload, enhancing orientation, and improving safety.
  • PFDs also found unexpected utility in demanding environments, such as high-performance aerobatic aircraft, due to their robust, non-moving-part design (AHRS) which withstands extreme G-forces better than traditional gyros.
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Most pilots believe that it’s easier to fly IFR with a big flat-glass primary flight display (PFD) instead of the six-pack of mechanical instruments. Until recently I wasn’t convinced. I don’t know of any controlled studies that have compared the pilot workload, or the precision of basic attitude, altitude, heading and airspeed control, when flying the electronic PFD or mechanical steam gauges. There has been considerable human factors research into various symbols and graphical presentation of primary flight instruments, but I don’t know of any experiments that have taken significantly sized groups of non-instrument rated pilots and trained a control group on one type of display and compared it to the performance of a similar group using the other style of instruments.

Opinions by experienced IFR pilots on the subject are almost meaningless. I am convinced that a pilot with a well-developed instrument scan and good situational awareness will do a perfectly fine job of flying with either style of display.

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