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Recalling the Speed Rules of the Past

Schneider Trophy air races led the way to a place where no one goes.

Francesco Agello’s small—31-foot span—and elegantly shaped Macchi M.C.72. [Alamy]
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Key Takeaways:

  • Francesco Agello set an enduring 441 mph piston-engine seaplane speed record in 1935 with the Macchi M.C.72, a feat demonstrating extreme power for its compact airframe.
  • This record was the culmination of the prestigious Schneider Trophy competitions (1912-1931), which fueled intense international rivalry and significant aeronautical advancements in seaplane design and speed.
  • The contests propelled the evolution of seaplane technology from early, slow biplanes to highly streamlined monoplanes on floats, featuring designs from key figures like Supermarine's Reginald Mitchell and Macchi's Mario Castoldi.
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In fall 1935, an Italian pilot named Francesco Agello set a speed record that has remained unsurpassed for 90 years. In fact, it will probably remain that way forever. It is the mark for hyper-fast piston-engine seaplanes, and they have gone the way of velociraptors.

Agello’s small—31-foot span—and elegantly shaped Macchi M.C.72 had two 12-cylinder engines bolted together end to end driving steeply pitched, contra-rotating propellers through coaxial shafts. By then, streamlining had gone as far as it could and speed was all about raw power.

Peter Garrison

Peter Garrison taught himself to use a slide rule and tin snips, built an airplane in his backyard, and flew it to Japan. He began contributing to FLYING in 1968, and he continues to share his columns, ""Technicalities"" and ""Aftermath,"" with FLYING readers.

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