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Mountain Madness

Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Inadequate pre-flight weather planning, especially for mountain flights and at night, is extremely hazardous, as it can lead to encountering unexpected instrument meteorological conditions (IMC), icing, and severe turbulence/mountain waves.
  • Pilots must maintain significantly higher altitude clearance (at least 1000-2000 feet above ridge elevation) when crossing mountainous terrain to provide a safety margin against downdrafts and turbulence.
  • Benign weather at departure and destination airports does not guarantee safe en route conditions; a comprehensive understanding of forecast conditions along the entire route, particularly over mountains, is crucial.
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Most of my mountain-flying experience comes from frequent trips across or parallel with the Appalachian range in the eastern U.S. I’ve flown my share of trips to Las Vegas and California, though, and at least since an episode over North Carolina in a 160-hp Skyhawk, I’ve always tried to plan for and avoid related turbulence. There are few more helpless feelings than nailing the airplane’s best-climb airspeed and watching the vertical speed indicator show you a 500-fpm descent.

That event came courtesy of a stiff southwest flow over the highest peak in the area, which was great for groundspeed but not for the ride. A turn to the southeast—at a right angle to the flow—got me out of trouble in short order, and I motored home slightly east of my planned route.

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