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Rectangular Wings

Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Aircraft designers John Thorp and Karl Bergey challenge conventional wisdom by defending rectangular wings, arguing they are competitive with or superior to tapered designs for many aircraft.
  • They contend that tapered wings, despite theoretical benefits, are prone to dangerous "tip stall" due to aerodynamic scale effects at the wingtips, often requiring drag-increasing design fixes that negate their supposed advantages.
  • Rectangular wings naturally stall safely from the root and can achieve efficient lift distribution with simple modifications like twist, offering practical advantages such as easier manufacturing, high cruise efficiency, and forgiving stall characteristics.
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In random reading about matters aeronautical I have twice come across essays in defense of rectangular wings. Not coincidentally, perhaps, both were by men who had taken part in the design of the Piper Cherokee, the airplane whose thick rectangular wing gave a new application to the name “Hershey Bar.” The first essay was by the late John Thorp, best known as the designer of the T-18 homebuilt. The second was by Karl Bergey, who is, among other things, emeritus professor of aerospace engineering at the University of Oklahoma.

Bergey is building a fast, high-performance homebuilt that happens to use a Cherokee wing?the original stubby rectangular one, before they added the tapered outer panels. So many people found the combination of “fast” and “rectangular wing” incongruous that Bergey felt obliged to put his case in writing.

Peter Garrison

Peter Garrison taught himself to use a slide rule and tin snips, built an airplane in his backyard, and flew it to Japan. He began contributing to FLYING in 1968, and he continues to share his columns, ""Technicalities"" and ""Aftermath,"" with FLYING readers.

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