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A Wing and a Prayer

Taking a Pilatus PC-12 aft of the limit spells disaster.

The Pilatus roared down Runway 31, lifted off, banked to the left, and faded from sight in the snow and mist. [Credit: Adobe Stock]
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Key Takeaways:

  • A Pilatus PC-12 crashed after takeoff in snowy conditions, resulting in 9 fatalities, with initial speculation centering on ice and snow contamination.
  • NTSB investigations concluded the primary cause was the pilot's improper loading, which made the aircraft 107 pounds over gross weight and shifted its center of gravity several inches behind the aft limit.
  • This extreme aft loading significantly reduced the aircraft's static longitudinal stability and controllability, leading to a stall shortly after liftoff despite continuous stall warnings.
  • Simulations and flight data analysis determined that the remaining snow and ice on the aircraft were not significant factors in the loss of control, and the plane should have been controllable.
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It was a snowy late-November morning at Chamberlain, South Dakota (9V9). A Pilatus PC-12 had sat out on the ramp during a night of intermittent snowfall and freezing drizzle. Its passengers, who had flown in from Idaho Falls the previous day to hunt pheasants, planned to return home that day.

While the rest of the party was out shooting, the private pilot, 48, and one companion got some isopropyl alcohol de-icing fluid from a hardware store, borrowed a ladder from the hunting lodge at which they had stayed, and spent three hours chipping snow and ice from the wings. The ladder was not tall enough to allow them to reach the upper surface of the T-tail, but the pilot was satisfied that the rest of the airplane was sufficiently clean.

Peter Garrison

Peter Garrison taught himself to use a slide rule and tin snips, built an airplane in his backyard, and flew it to Japan. He began contributing to FLYING in 1968, and he continues to share his columns, ""Technicalities"" and ""Aftermath,"" with FLYING readers.

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