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Rectangular Wings

Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Aircraft designers John Thorp and Karl Bergey defend rectangular wings, arguing they are equally or more effective than tapered wings, even for high-performance aircraft like the Piper Cherokee.
  • They contend that perceived advantages of tapered wings (structural and aerodynamic efficiency) are often offset by practical issues, particularly the tendency for dangerous tip-stalling due to Reynolds Number scale effects, which necessitate drag-increasing design fixes.
  • Rectangular wings, conversely, naturally tend to stall safely from the root and can achieve an efficient, near-elliptical lift distribution with simple modifications, offering predictable flight characteristics and simpler manufacturing.
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In random reading about matters aeronautical I have twice come across essays in defense of rectangular wings. Not coincidentally, perhaps, both were by men who had taken part in the design of the Piper Cherokee, the airplane whose thick rectangular wing gave a new application to the name “Hershey Bar.” The first essay was by the late John Thorp, best known as the designer of the T-18 homebuilt. The second was by Karl Bergey, who is, among other things, emeritus professor of aerospace engineering at the University of Oklahoma.

Bergey is building a fast, high-performance homebuilt that happens to use a Cherokee wing?the original stubby rectangular one, before they added the tapered outer panels. So many people found the combination of “fast” and “rectangular wing” incongruous that Bergey felt obliged to put his case in writing.

Peter Garrison

Peter Garrison taught himself to use a slide rule and tin snips, built an airplane in his backyard, and flew it to Japan. He began contributing to FLYING in 1968, and he continues to share his columns, ""Technicalities"" and ""Aftermath,"" with FLYING readers.

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