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Rectangular Wings

Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • The article challenges common assumptions about tapered wings, arguing that their perceived structural and aerodynamic benefits (like reduced drag and weight savings) are often negligible or offset by practical design requirements.
  • A core defense of rectangular wings is their naturally safer, root-first stall behavior, contrasting with tapered wings' tendency for dangerous tip stall due to aerodynamic scale effects, which necessitate drag-increasing fixes.
  • Advocates suggest that rectangular wings can achieve high cruise efficiency and nearly ideal lift distribution with minor modifications (e.g., twist), and offer manufacturing advantages, making them a practical and effective design choice for various aircraft types, including high-performance ones.
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In random reading about matters aeronautical I have twice come across essays in defense of rectangular wings. Not coincidentally, perhaps, both were by men who had taken part in the design of the Piper Cherokee, the airplane whose thick rectangular wing gave a new application to the name “Hershey Bar.” The first essay was by the late John Thorp, best known as the designer of the T-18 homebuilt. The second was by Karl Bergey, who is, among other things, emeritus professor of aerospace engineering at the University of Oklahoma.

Bergey is building a fast, high-performance homebuilt that happens to use a Cherokee wing?the original stubby rectangular one, before they added the tapered outer panels. So many people found the combination of “fast” and “rectangular wing” incongruous that Bergey felt obliged to put his case in writing.

Peter Garrison

Peter Garrison taught himself to use a slide rule and tin snips, built an airplane in his backyard, and flew it to Japan. He began contributing to FLYING in 1968, and he continues to share his columns, ""Technicalities"" and ""Aftermath,"" with FLYING readers.

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