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Technicalities

Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • The debate over pusher vs. tractor propeller efficiency is complex, with both configurations experiencing minor aerodynamic disadvantages that largely balance out, making them generally equivalent in terms of pure efficiency.
  • Tractor propellers incur "scrubbing drag" on airframe components within their slipstream, while pusher propellers face efficiency losses due to operating in the disturbed airflow behind the fuselage and wings.
  • Despite specific performance anomalies like the Cessna Skymaster, tractor propellers are predominantly used due to practical advantages such as reduced foreign object damage risk, easier engine cooling, and fewer overall design complexities, along with being less noisy than pushers.
See a mistake? Contact us.

Our Flying Mail column is an equal-opportunity zone. Truth and falsehood mingle freely there.

In the April issue a reader, Hal Stiles of North Miami, Florida, wrote to assert that “Pusher props are superior.” He pointed out that the Cessna Skymaster, the push-pull twin with one tractor and one pusher engine, performs better on the rear engine alone than it does on the front engine alone. Indeed, the evidence appears quite persuasive: “The Cessna 337 Skymaster can climb at 200 fpm on the front engine only,” Stiles wrote, “but it can climb at 300 fpm on the rear engine only. A nonturbo 1967 model has a single-engine ceiling of 7,500 feet with the rear engine out, and 9,500 feet with the front engine shut down … The VariEZ [sic], the Velocity, the Cozy and Pushy Galore all demonstrate the superiority of pusher props.”

Peter Garrison

Peter Garrison taught himself to use a slide rule and tin snips, built an airplane in his backyard, and flew it to Japan. He began contributing to FLYING in 1968, and he continues to share his columns, ""Technicalities"" and ""Aftermath,"" with FLYING readers.

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