I have always thought it was extremely unfortunate when a professional pilot or crew carefully plans a flight, expertly follows the flight plan, and then suddenly makes a snap decision that undoes all their careful planning and execution. An accident at the Ellen Church Field Airport (CJJ) in Cresco, Iowa, in July 2006 illustrates how easy it is for the human mind to suddenly latch on to a certain course of action and vigorously pursue that course of action without carefully assessing the risks involved.
Starting in Gulfport, Mississippi, the crew had flown the Cessna 560 Encore to Destin, Florida; Meridian, Mississippi; and then Oxford, Mississippi, where they had lunch with the passengers. The left seat pilot had not actually completed the company Part 135 training and check ride yet, but he was hardly inexperienced, with 11,607 hours total time and type ratings in the CE-500, G-1159, HS-125 and CE-560XL. In the right seat was the company's chief pilot. He had logged over 13,000 hours and also had multiple type ratings. Neither pilot had any record of previous accidents, incidents or enforcement actions.
After lunch they departed for Rochester, Minnesota, with the chief pilot flying from the right seat. They had filed an IFR flight plan with no alternate as no serious weather was forecast for the destination. However, as they approached Rochester after a routine flight, the NTSB report stated that there were "two
areas of organized echoes, one over northeastern Iowa and the second over southeastern Minnesota into western Wisconsin. Both systems merged in the general vicinity of the accident site and appeared as a bowing line with an intense leading edge."
By the time the crew was transferred to Minneapolis Center, they were deviating around weather but still direct to Rochester. They informed the controller, "we're just gonna' keep kinda' heading this direction, stay on the west side of the weather 'til we get north of Rochester and then turn around and take a look at it." Soon they were transferred to another controller who informed them, "It's heck of a bow hook we got going on there." He told them they would have to go 100 miles north or 80 miles south to get around the storm, and they decided to try to "pick their way" through the storm.
About 10 minutes later they checked in with the Rochester approach controller, who informed them that the wind was 343 degrees at 6 knots with gusts to 24. While that favored the ILS to Runway 31, he said they were showing weather echoes along the final approach course, followed by, "Say your intentions." The left seat pilot replied that they would continue for another 20 miles on their present heading of 240 and then take a look at it on the radar. The pilot flying in the right seat told the other pilot, "probably what I'm going to do is go here to this hole then work my way up around that way," and the other pilot agreed with this.
It is almost always a bad sign when a controller says, "Say your intentions." There is nothing wrong with taking a look as long as you have a good out in case things don't work out as planned. However for some reason this crew had been pushing on in the face of mounting evidence that Rochester was not a good place to be headed to at that moment, and as they twisted and turned trying to follow perceived "holes" in the echoes, they were getting further and further into a storm with no good way out.
As they continued towards the airport, the controller informed the pilots the winds were now 320 at 29 with gusts to 39, visibility one-half mile in a thunderstorm with heavy rain. The crew's discomfort is evident when the right seat pilot says, "couldn't get there at a worse time." They also seem confused about a blinking red area on the radar screen, saying, "We're gonna know here in a minute. I'm gonna go this way," telling the controller they are going to turn further to the south.
All of a sudden, just when the pressure was getting intense, the left seat pilot saw an airport in their vicinity on the moving map with the identifier CJJ. "This little airport right here C-C-J-J, don't see it on the map here." The right seat pilot asked, "What airport is that?" The left seat pilot replied, "I'm gonna have to look it up." As the altitude alerter went off, the right seat pilot spotted the airport, "I've got that airport right there." The left seat pilot asked how long the runway looked, to which the other pilot replied, "I'm guessing 5,000 feet at least."
The left seat pilot asked the controller about the airport, and he informed them it was Cresco, Iowa. The right seat pilot stated, "I guess worse case scenario we could set here until it clears." The left seat pilot replied, "yeah." The right seat pilot asked, "What do you think?" The left seat pilot responded, "Cresco, yeah, I mean I'm okay with that." The right seat pilot said, "Let's do that," tells the controller of their intentions, and is cleared for a visual approach to Cresco.
This professional ATP rated flight crew with years of experience and a combined total of 10 type ratings and almost 25,000 hours had just committed to land at an airport they knew nothing about in the teeth of an approaching thunderstorm. The right seat pilot asked the other pilot to see if he could get "some numbers for the thing at all or, well, the landing numbers would be okay." As he did a 180 and started an aggressive descent, the left seat pilot got the correct spelling of the airport name and the CTAF frequency from the controller.
